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Research Highlights

Duke University

Durham, North Carolina, United States

Durham's research powerhouse, pairing a world-class academic medical centre with strengths from quantum computing to climate science and lemur biology.

Duke University stands among the world's most consequential research institutions: a private university in Durham, North Carolina, whose research enterprise spans medicine, engineering, the environment and the social sciences. Its academic medical centre, anchored by the Duke University School of Medicine and Duke Health, drives discovery from cancer immunotherapy and early Alzheimer's detection to large clinical trials coordinated through the Duke Clinical Research Institute. The Duke Institute for Brain Sciences connects neuroscience across campus, while the Pratt School of Engineering pushes frontiers in biomedical engineering, in programmable materials and, through the Duke Quantum Center, in quantum computing. The Nicholas School of the Environment and the Nicholas Institute shape climate science, ocean research and environmental policy, and the Duke Lemur Center cares for the world's largest and most diverse population of lemurs outside Madagascar, a living laboratory for evolution and ageing. Through Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore and Duke Kunshan University in China, its research footprint extends worldwide.

A year of research

18 highlights, November 2025 to October 2026
October 2026

The biologist betting that fungi hold answers to medicine's hardest problems

Amy Gladfelter's Duke laboratory studies how fungi adapt, stress and turn pathogenic, and finds principles that echo in human neurons, cancer cells and the placenta.

September 2026

Duke joins $30 million national centre to decode the genome's three-dimensional logic

A new NSF-funded Center for Genome Intelligence Engineering will probe how the genome's physical shape governs cell identity, with Duke supplying engineered heart and brain tissue models.

September 2026

Duke co-led quantum simulation institute renewed with $37.5 million from the NSF

The Quantum Leap Challenge Institute for Robust Quantum Simulation enters a second five-year phase, shifting towards scalable quantum simulation engineering with Harvard joining the collaboration.

August 2026

Fossil skulls suggest vision, not foresight, drove the primate brain's expansion

Micro-CT scans of living and extinct primate skulls, many from the Duke Lemur Center's fossil collection, challenge the idea that the frontal lobe powered primate brain growth.

July 2026

Atmospheric rivers linked to marine heatwaves in first study of its kind

Nicholas School climate scientists find that winter bursts of atmospheric river activity precede peak marine heatwaves in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, with two opposing mechanisms at work.

July 2026

Glucagon, the overlooked hormone behind the next generation of obesity drugs

Duke metabolism researcher Jonathan Campbell argues that glucagon, long typecast as a blood-sugar-raising hormone, may explain why triple-action weight-loss drugs such as retatrutide work so well.

June 2026

Blake Wilson and cochlear implant pioneers win the 2026 Merkin Prize

The Duke biomedical engineer whose signal-processing breakthrough clarified sound for cochlear implant users shares the Broad Institute's prize honouring technologies that transformed human health.

June 2026

A polymer trick could finally make GLP-1 weight-loss drugs work as pills

Ashutosh Chilkoti's Duke lab shows that elastin-like polypeptides can shepherd GLP-1 drugs through the stomach, matching injected performance in mice even on a high-calorie diet.

May 2026

Fitbit data from the All of Us programme shows how clock changes reshape activity

A Duke study in Nature Health finds daylight saving transitions do not change how much people move overall, but they redistribute activity across the day in ways that differ between groups.

April 2026

Duke and UNC win $12.9 million to improve constipation care for autistic children

A head-to-head trial of linaclotide versus the standard treatment PEG-3350 will enrol 320 autistic children across 30 sites, with the Duke Clinical Research Institute coordinating.

March 2026

A few minutes with a nasal swab spots Alzheimer's signals before symptoms appear

Duke researchers show that cells brushed from the upper nose carry gene-activity signatures separating early Alzheimer's from healthy ageing with about 81 per cent accuracy.

March 2026

Blood-borne piRNA molecules predict how long older adults will live

Tracking more than 1,000 North Carolinians aged 71 and older over a decade, Duke researchers found that lower levels of circulating piRNAs were linked to longer survival.

February 2026

Lego-like programmable material lets robots rewrite their own stiffness

Duke mechanical engineers report building blocks whose internal metal cells melt and refreeze on electrical command, letting a robotic fish change its swimming with the same motor.

January 2026

Landmark trial shows supported self-management eases disabling low back pain

The 1,000-patient PACBACK trial in JAMA, with Duke authors, found supported self-management modestly reduced disability over a year, while spinal manipulation alone did not beat standard care.

January 2026

Counting worries: stress before surgery predicts worse recovery in older adults

A Duke study in Anesthesiology finds the number of preoperative stressors, not their intensity, predicts delirium, pain and longer hospital stays after major surgery in over-65s.

December 2025

Gene therapy and imaging pioneers named National Academy of Inventors fellows

Duke's Aravind Asokan, an architect of adeno-associated viral vectors for gene therapy, and Adam Wax, an innovator in medical imaging and optics, join the NAI's 2025 class of fellows.

November 2025

Drones now deliver defibrillators during real 911 calls in US first

A Duke Health-led trial in North Carolina and Virginia launches autonomous drones carrying AEDs the moment a cardiac arrest call comes in, aiming to beat the ambulance to the scene.

November 2025

Plastic's hidden price: up to $1.1 trillion a year in US social costs

A Nicholas Institute report synthesising 13 studies across plastic's full life cycle puts its annual social cost to the United States at between $436 billion and $1.1 trillion.