MOVAC · Maintenance of variation in aposematic colouration

The research programme outlined in this proposal addresses a key question in evolutionary biology: how diversity in appearance is maintained under natural selection. In particular, I will investigate how colour pattern variation is maintained in species that exhibit warning coloration. This in an especially intriguing area of research because theory predicts that warning signals should look the same in colour and pattern so that they are more easily recognized and avoided by predators. I will investigate this topic using a charismatic polymorphic species of nudibranch mollusc that is common to the coasts of the United Kingdom. Nudibranchs are shell-less marine molluscs with an astounding array of colours and patterns, which they use to either hide from predators (camouflage) or to deter predators by warning them of nasty chemical defenses (warning signals). Nudibranchs are popular spectacles to divers and underwater photographers, yet the anti-predator coloration of this taxon is relatively under-explored. Therefore nudibranchs offer an especially exciting avenue for future research. In addition, research into the chemical defences of nudibranchs has led to the discovery of novel compounds with medicinal value, and the proposed research will contribute to our knowledge of the chemical ecology of these important species. The results of this research project will be used to inform and shape future theoretical models, which will be applicable to a range of ecological and evolutionary processes. The programme will draw attention to a fascinating and unique species, generating international interest and bringing new insight into Europe's coastal ecosystems.